Abnormal nail growth refers to deviations from the typical appearance and growth pattern of nails, which can manifest as changes in shape, color, thickness, or texture. This condition can result in various forms, including nails that are unusually thick or thin, distorted in shape, or discolored. Causes of abnormal nail growth can include nutritional deficiencies, such as a lack of vitamins or minerals, which can lead to brittle or ridged nails. Fungal infections are another common cause, often resulting in discolored, thickened, or crumbly nails. Dermatological conditions like psoriasis or eczema can affect nail appearance, causing pitting, discoloration, or detachment of the nail from the nail bed. Trauma or injury to the nails can also lead to abnormal growth patterns, such as ridges or changes in nail texture. Additionally, systemic health issues, including thyroid disorders or chronic illnesses, can manifest through changes in nail growth. Treatment for abnormal nail growth depends on the underlying cause. For fungal infections, antifungal medications or topical treatments are typically prescribed. Addressing nutritional deficiencies involves dietary changes or supplements to ensure adequate intake of essential nutrients. In cases of trauma, the nail often improves as it grows out, although protective measures may be needed to prevent further injury. For dermatological conditions, topical treatments, and sometimes systemic medications, may be necessary to manage symptoms. Consulting a healthcare professional or dermatologist is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, particularly if the changes are persistent or accompanied by other symptoms.
